{"id":7300,"date":"2023-10-24T21:04:25","date_gmt":"2023-10-24T21:04:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/?page_id=7300"},"modified":"2023-10-24T21:04:25","modified_gmt":"2023-10-24T21:04:25","slug":"climate-system-change-part-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/modules\/module-1-the-science-of-climate-change\/climate-system-change-part-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Climate System Change &#8211; Part 3"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body container\" role=\"main\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-12\">\n<div class=\"panel\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<div id=\"bodyContent\">\n<div id=\"mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\">\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Climate_variability\">Climate variability<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Sometimes the terms \u201cclimate change\u201d and \u201cclimate variability\u201d are used interchangeably, but they are not quite the same. Climate variability refers to natural variation in climate that occurs over months to decades.<br \/>\nClimate variability means short-term changes in climate that occur within smaller time frames, such as a month, a season or a year.\n<\/p>\n<p>Scientists believe that the climate variations are caused by many natural factors, including\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>changes in the sun (its brightness, levels of solar radiation, solar flares and sunspot activity)\n<\/li>\n<li>emissions from volcanoes\n<\/li>\n<li>variations in the Earth\u2019s orbit\n<\/li>\n<li>levels of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2<\/sub>)\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Climatologists have identified natural climate variability cycles that tend to occur in intervals in different regions. A good example of natural climate variability is the El Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a climatic occurrences, which change temperature, rain and wind patterns in many regions over a period of about two to seven years. El Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a are the two phases of the El Ni\u00f1o Southern Oscillation (sometimes shortened to ENSO). El Ni\u00f1o usually brings wetter and warmer than normal conditions and can cause floods, while La Ni\u00f1a brings cooler, drier conditions or drought.\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"panel iDevice\">\n\t<div class=\"panel-heading idevice-heading\">\n\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"pedagogicalicon\" alt=\"media\" src=\"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-content\/themes\/oeru-course\/idevices\/Icon_multimedia.png\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t<h2>Climate Variability and Climate Change<\/h2>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\n\t\t<div class=\"col-md-12\">\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>This video explains the difference between climate change and climate variability.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n<div data-mode=\"normal\" data-provider=\"youtube\" id=\"arve-youtube-zl83rdrs8ec\" style=\"max-width:400px;\" class=\"arve alignleft\">\n\t<div class=\"arve-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"arve-embed arve-embed--has-aspect-ratio\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"arve-ar\" style=\"padding-top:56.250000%\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<iframe allow=\"accelerometer &apos;none&apos;;autoplay &apos;none&apos;;bluetooth &apos;none&apos;;browsing-topics &apos;none&apos;;camera &apos;none&apos;;clipboard-read &apos;none&apos;;clipboard-write;display-capture &apos;none&apos;;encrypted-media &apos;none&apos;;gamepad &apos;none&apos;;geolocation &apos;none&apos;;gyroscope &apos;none&apos;;hid &apos;none&apos;;identity-credentials-get &apos;none&apos;;idle-detection &apos;none&apos;;keyboard-map &apos;none&apos;;local-fonts;magnetometer &apos;none&apos;;microphone &apos;none&apos;;midi &apos;none&apos;;otp-credentials &apos;none&apos;;payment &apos;none&apos;;picture-in-picture;publickey-credentials-create &apos;none&apos;;publickey-credentials-get &apos;none&apos;;screen-wake-lock &apos;none&apos;;serial &apos;none&apos;;summarizer &apos;none&apos;;sync-xhr;usb &apos;none&apos;;web-share;window-management &apos;none&apos;;xr-spatial-tracking &apos;none&apos;;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" class=\"arve-iframe fitvidsignore\" credentialless data-arve=\"arve-youtube-zl83rdrs8ec\" data-lenis-prevent=\"\" data-src-no-ap=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/zL83rDrS8Ec?iv_load_policy=3&amp;modestbranding=1&amp;rel=0&amp;autohide=1&amp;playsinline=0&amp;autoplay=0\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"225\" loading=\"lazy\" name=\"\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-presentation allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/zL83rDrS8Ec?iv_load_policy=3&#038;modestbranding=1&#038;rel=0&#038;autohide=1&#038;playsinline=0&#038;autoplay=0\" title=\"Climate Variability and Climate Change: What is the Difference? (3:02)\" width=\"400\"><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\n\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"http:\\\/\\\/schema.org\\\/\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/course.fossdle.org\\\/baccc\\\/modules\\\/module-1-the-science-of-climate-change\\\/climate-system-change-part-3\\\/#arve-youtube-zl83rdrs8ec\",\"@type\":\"VideoObject\",\"embedURL\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\\\/embed\\\/zL83rDrS8Ec?iv_load_policy=3&modestbranding=1&rel=0&autohide=1&playsinline=0&autoplay=0\",\"name\":\"Climate Variability and Climate Change: What is the Difference? (3:02)\"}<\/script>\n\t\n<div class=\"arve-error\"><p><small><abbr title=\"Advanced Responsive Video Embedder\">ARVE<\/abbr> error: maxwidth: <code>560px<\/code> is not valid<\/small><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/p>\n<p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>If you have trouble accessing the video, a summary is available below.\n<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"h5p-iframe-1\" class=\"class1 class2 h5p-iframe h5p-initialized WEH5P\" src=\"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=80\" width=\"100%\" height=\"200px\" style=\"width:100%;height:200px;font-weight: bold\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"panel iDevice\">\n\t<div class=\"panel-heading idevice-heading\">\n\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"pedagogicalicon\" alt=\"activity\" src=\"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-content\/themes\/oeru-course\/idevices\/Icon_activity.png\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t<h2>Activity<\/h2>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\n\t\t<div class=\"col-md-12\">\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>Study the graph Mean-Temperature Annual Trends showing climatic variability in terms of mean (average) temperatures for Botswana. Answer the questions that follow.\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org\/country\/botswana\/trends-variability-historical\/Botswana\">Climate Trends<\/a><\/i><sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>1.\tDescribe the mean annual temperatures of the period between 1950 and 1960 and also for the period between 1968 and 1975. Is this trend an example of climate variability or climate change?\n<\/p>\n<p>2.\tStudy the mean annual temperature trends as shown in the key to the graph. Describe the general trend of all three periods. Would you say that from 1950 to 2020, the mean annual temperature has been increasing or decreasing? Is this an example of climate variability or climate change?\n<\/p>\n<p>3.\tClimate variability and climate change are not quite the same. Study the figure below; it illustrates the difference in timescales.\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner thumbnail\" style=\"width:182px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wikieducator.org\/File:Weather_and_Climate_Change_Scales.png\" class=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/\/wikieducator.org\/images\/thumb\/5\/5b\/Weather_and_Climate_Change_Scales.png\/180px-Weather_and_Climate_Change_Scales.png\" width=\"180\" height=\"92\" class=\"thumbimage img-responsive\"><\/a>  <\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">Weather and Climate Change Scales. Adapted from Pacific Australia Science and Adaptation Planning Program &amp; Eco-Intelligent<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\nNow that you understand that climate variability is mostly a natural occurrence within the climate system or from other non-human external forces, it is also important to understand, at this point, that climate change is causing an increase in the probability of many extreme weather events, and those events contribute to climate variability.\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"References\">References<\/span><\/h2>\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">The World Bank, 2023.<a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org\/country\/botswana\/trends-variability-historical\/Botswana\">Climate Trends<\/a><\/span>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCPU time usage: 0.050 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.060 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 321\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 1559\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 6666\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 3124\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 7\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n--><\/p>\n<p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key we_en-mw_:pcache:idhash:190665-0!*!*!!*!2!* and timestamp 20231024210349 and revision id 1105506\n -->\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-12\">\n<ul class=\"pager\">\n<li class=\"previous\">\n            <a href=\"\/baccc\/modules\/module-1-the-science-of-climate-change\/climate-system-change-part-2\">\u2190 Previous<\/a>\n          <\/li>\n<li class=\"next\">\n            <a href=\"\/baccc\/modules\/module-1-the-science-of-climate-change\/climate-system-change-part-4\">Next \u2192<\/a>\n          <\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"wenote-ids\"><script type='text\/javascript' id='wenotes-ids'>\n    var WEnotesSite = \"https:\/\/wikieducator.org\";\n    var WEnotesPath = \"\/BaCCC\/Module_1\/Lesson_1\/Part_3\";\n    var WEnotesSiteID = \"0e3d258fbd36841f92259eefcd41d5e9\";\n    var WEnotesPathID = \"29f915c804c2e83be64858a785c4c061\";\n    var WEnotesIDs = { site: \"https:\/\/wikieducator.org\", path: \"\/BaCCC\/Module_1\/Lesson_1\/Part_3\", site_id: \"0e3d258fbd36841f92259eefcd41d5e9\", path_id: \"29f915c804c2e83be64858a785c4c061\" };\n<\/script><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<footer><\/footer>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Climate variability Sometimes the terms \u201cclimate change\u201d and \u201cclimate variability\u201d are used interchangeably, but they are not quite the same. Climate variability refers to natural variation in climate that occurs over months to decades. Climate variability means short-term changes in climate that occur within smaller time frames, such as a month, a season or a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"parent":7292,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7300","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7300","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7300"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7300\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7301,"href":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7300\/revisions\/7301"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/course.fossdle.org\/baccc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7300"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}