Indicate whether the following statements are true or false:

• The source of energy that regulates the Earth’s climate system is the sun.
  • True
    • Correct.
  • False
    • Incorrect.
• The hydrosphere consists of all solid water in the form of snow and ice.
  • True
    • Incorrect.
  • False
    • Correct.
• Climate change refers to changes over decades and centuries, while climate variability is natural change in the climate over months or years.
  • True
    • Correct.
  • False
    • Incorrect.
• The atmosphere is where weather and climate occur.
  • True
    • Correct.
  • False
    • Incorrect.
• The Earth’s average temperature has decreased over the past century.
  • True
    • Incorrect.
  • False
    • Correct.
• Palaeoclimatology is the study of what the Earth’s future climate will be like.
  • True
    • Incorrect.
  • False
    • Correct.

Select the correct option

• Which greenhouse gas is the main driver of the current global climate change, accounting for 82% of all greenhouse gas emissions?
  • methane
    • Incorrect.
  • nitrous oxide
    • Incorrect.
  • fluorinated gases
    • Incorrect.
  • carbon dioxide
    • Correct.
• Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?
  • oxygen
    • Correct.
  • carbon dioxide
    • Incorrect.
  • water vapour
    • Incorrect.
  • methane
    • Incorrect.
• What is the most potent greenhouse gas?
  • ozone
    • Incorrect.
  • methane
    • Incorrect.
  • fluorinated gases
    • Correct.
  • carbon dioxide
    • Incorrect.
• An imbalance in the Earth’s energy budget is caused by ______
  • deforestation
    • Incorrect.
  • the enhanced greenhouse effect
    • Correct.
  • melting glaciers
    • Incorrect.
  • the greenhouse effect
    • Incorrect.
• How are oceans being impacted by climate change?
  • just ocean heating
    • Incorrect.
  • just ocean acidification
    • Incorrect.
  • just ocean deoxygenation
    • Incorrect.
  • all of the above
    • Correct.
• What is climate change commitment?
  • the close connection between climate change and global warming
    • Incorrect.
  • the global warming that has not happened yet but will, due to inertia
    • Correct.
  • the number of extreme weather events that are predicted for any particular area
    • Incorrect.
  • the dedication of climate change activists
    • Incorrect.
• How do humans mainly contribute to global warming?
  • by burning fossil fuels
    • Correct.
  • by eating too much food
    • Incorrect.
  • by riding bicycles and walking
    • Incorrect.
  • by burying their rubbish
    • Incorrect.
• Which of the following statements accurately describes the balance of the Earth’s energy budget?
  • The Earth’s surface absorbs all of the incoming solar energy.
    • Incorrect.
  • The Earth’s surface reflects all of the incoming solar energy back into space.
    • Incorrect.
  • The atmosphere absorbs a quarter of the incoming solar energy, the Earth’s surface absorbs about half, and the rest is reflected back into space.
    • Correct.
  • The atmosphere reflects the incoming solar energy before it reaches the Earth’s surface.
    • Incorrect.
• How are extreme weather events changing?
  • increasing in intensity
    • Incorrect.
  • Increasing in frequency
    • Incorrect.
  • increasing in duration
    • Incorrect.
  • possibly all of these
    • Correct.